Sesiuni plenare – Evenimente ARPP

SESIUNI PLENARE

Prof. Dr. Norman Sartorius

Professor Sartorius obtained his M.D. in Zagreb (Croatia). He specialized in neurology and psychiatry and subsequently obtained a Masters Degree and a Doctorate in psychology (Ph.D.). He carried out clinical work and research and taught at graduate and postgraduate levels at the University of Zagreb, at the Institute of Psychiatry in London, at the University of Geneva and elsewhere.

He joined the World Health Organization (WHO) in 1967 and soon assumed charge of the programme of epidemiology and in social psychiatry. He was the principal investigator of several major international studies on schizophrenia, on depression and on health service delivery. He was responsible for WHO’s work on the classification of mental and neurological disorders. The growth of the programme under his leadership lead to the elevation of the programme from a Unit to the Division of Mental Health of which he was the first director. He held this position until 1993 when he was elected President of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA). He served as the President of WPA until August 1999. Subsequently he became President of the Association of European Psychiatrists (EAP) a position held until December 2001.

He is the President of the Association for the Improvement of Mental Health Programmes and a member of the Geneva Prize Foundation having previously been its President. Professor Sartorius holds professorial appointments at the Universities of London, Prague and Zagreb and at several other universities in the USA and China.

Professor Sartorius has published more than 400 articles in scientific journals, authored or co-authored books and edited a number of others. Professor Sartorius is a corresponding member of the Croatian Academy of Arts and Sciences and of the Spanish Royal Academy of Medicine and a honorary member of the Medical Academies of Croatia, Mexico and Peru. He holds honorary doctorates of the Universities of Bath, Copenhagen, Prague and Umea and is a honorary fellow of the Royal College of Psychiatrists of the United Kingdom of Great Britain, of the American College of Psychiatry and of the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists. He is also a Distinguished Fellow of the American Psychiatric Association.

He is an Honorary Member of numerous professional associations and advisory boards, both national and international. He is the co-editor of three scientific journals and a member of editorial and advisory boards of many scientific journals. He speaks Croatian, English, French, German, Russian and Spanish.

Miercuri, 7 iunie 2023, 15:00-16:00
Prof. Univ. Dr. Norman Sartorius
Co-morbidity of mental disorders and physical illness: the chief challenge for medicine and psychiatry today

The co-morbidity of mental and physical illness is far more frequent than psychiatrists and other medical specialists realize. Nearly one third of long-lasting and/or severe physical illnesses – such as diabetes, cancer and cardiovascular illness will be co-morbid with depression. People with schizophrenia will suffer from all types of physical illness – with the exception of tumors and rheumatoid arthritis – much more frequently than the rest of the population. In addition to the problems arising because of the simultaneous presence of well-defined mental illness in people with physical illness major difficulties also arise because of the presence of sub-threshold mental illnesses and isolated psychiatric symptoms in physically ill people.

Unfortunately, this change of morbidity in the population is not reflected in the organization of health services nor in the orientation of medicine. The subdivision of medicine into super-specialties growing in numbers – in part due to vast numbers of new discoveries about health and illness – is noticeable in rich and in poor countries. It goes hand in hand with an increasing reliance on apparatus which can contribute to the dehumanization of medicine and increases the cost of health services. Fragmentation of medicine also makes the recognition of co-morbidity and appropriate treatment of all co-morbid diseases less probable.

The reasons for this will be discussed in the presentation as well as some of the interventions that could be introduced to prevent or diminish co-morbidity and its severe negative consequences.

Prof. Dr. Sir Graham Thornicroft

Professor Sir Graham Thornicroft is Professor of Community Psychiatry at the Centre for Global Mental Health and the Centre for Implementation Science, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London. He is also a Consultant Psychiatrist at the South London & Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, working in a community mental health team in Lambeth. He is a Fellow of the Academy of Medical Sciences, is a National Institute of Health Research Senior Investigator Emeritus, and an Honorary Fellow of King’s College London and the Royal College of Psychiatrists.

Graham took his undergraduate degree at Cambridge in Social and Political Sciences, studied Medicine at Guy’s Hospital, London and then trained in Psychiatry at the Maudsley and Johns Hopkins Hospitals. He gained an MSc in Epidemiology at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, and a PhD at the University of London.

Graham has made significant contributions to the development of mental health policy in England, including chairing the External Reference Group for the National Service Framework for Mental Health, the national mental health plan for England for 1999-2009.

He is also active in global mental health, for example, he chaired the World Health Organisation Guideline Development Group for the Mental Health Gap Action Programme (mhGAP) Intervention Guide (1st, 2nd and 3rd editions), a practical support for primary care staff to treat people with mental, neurological and substance use disorders in low- and middle-income countries, which has been used in over 100 countries worldwide. He chaired the External Reference Group for the WHO guidelines on the Management of Physical Health Conditions in adults with severe mental disorders. He has recently chaired the Guideline Development Group for the WHO guidelines on Mental Health at Work. He Co-Chaired the 2022 Lancet Commission on Ending Stigma and Discrimination in Mental Health.

He is a Board Trustee of United for Global Mental Health, a Board Member for Mental Health and Human Rights (F-GIP), and he chairs the Board of Implemental. His areas of research expertise include: reduction of stigma and discrimination, evaluation of mental health services, and global mental health. Graham has written over 660 peer-reviewed papers in PubMed, and has authored or edited over 32 books of which 7 are award winning. In recent years he has been named as among the most Highly Cited Researchers in the world by Clarivate. Graham has appeared in the media including BBC 1, BBC World Service, BBC Today radio programme, and The Economist. Graham received a Knighthood in the Queen’s Birthday Honours Awards in 2017.

Miercuri, 7 iunie 2023, 16:30-17:30
Prof. Univ. Dr. Sir Graham Thornicroft
Experience and evidence for community mental health teams

This talk will focus on: (1) the rationale and key definition for community based mental health care; (2) the evidence for community services; and (3) challenges and solution in implementing community based services. Key resources will be identified.

Prof. Dr. Wiesław Jerzy Cubała

Joi, 8 iunie 2023, 12:15-13:00
Prof. Univ. Dr. Wiesław Jerzy Cubała
Treatment resistant mood disorders

Prof. Dr. Siegfried Kasper

Dr. Siegfried Kasper is Professor Emeritus of Psychiatry and former Chairman of the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy at the Medical University of Vienna, Austria. Born in Salzburg, Austria, he was educated at the medical schools of the University of Innsbruck, Austria and the Universities of Freiburg and Heidelberg, Germany. Dr. Kasper gained clinical and research experience in psychiatry at the Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany, the Psychiatric Department of the University of Heidelberg, Germany, the Clinical Psychobiology Branch of the National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland/USA, and the Psychiatric Department of the University of Bonn, Germany; in neurology at the Neurological Department of the University of Heidelberg in Mannheim; and psychotherapeutic and psychoanalytic training at the Ausbildungsinstitut für Psychotherapie und Psychoanalyse in Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany.

Dr. Kasper published more than 800 in PubMed listed publications (Google: Citation Index: 55.156; Hirsch-Index: 116, i10-index: 736) and more than 250 books or book chapters, in various areas of psychiatry. He concentrates on the biological bases of mental disorders and their possible treatment approaches. Furthermore, he has conducted studies in psychopathological as well as clinical areas. Dr Kasper is a frequent national and international speaker and continues to be actively involved in research programmes studying depression, anxiety, psychosis, and dementia.

Dr. Kasper serves/served on the executive committees and advisory boards of several national and international societies, such as the Austrian Association of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic (ÖGPP), the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology (ECNP) and the European Psychiatric Association (EPA). From 2005 to 2009 Dr. Kasper was President of the World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry (WFSBP) and has been appointed as Honorary President of the WFSBP in 2013. He has been elected to the Executive Committee of the International College of Neuropsychopharmacology (CINP) for the period of 2012 to 2018, served from 2018-2021 as President and is now Past-President of this society. Moreover, Dr. Kasper was Chair of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) Section of Pharmacopsychiatry from 2012-2019. He is Founding President of the Austrian Society of Neuropsychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry (ÖGPB) and of the Austrian Society of Drug Safety in Psychiatry (ÖAMSP). Furthermore, he is a Honorary Member of the Czech Society of Neuropsychopharmacology, the Romanian Society of Neuropsychopharmacology, the Hungarian Psychiatric Association and a Fellow of the Scandinavian College of Neuro-Psychopharmacology (SCNP) and of the Ukrainian Association of Psychiatry. He is a member of the Academia Europaea as well as the European Academy of Sciences and Arts (EASA). Dr. Kasper has been honored with the doctorate honoris causa of the Universities Craiova and Cluj-Napoca in Romania, as well as the Aristotle University in Thessaloniki in Greece.Furthermore, he has been appointed as Honorary/Visiting Professor at the following universities: University of Hong Kong, China, in 2004; Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago de Chile, Chile, 2014; Aino University in Osaka, Japan, 2015; Kolkata Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Health & Family Welfare, India in 2016; University of Hiroshima, Japan, in 2017 and Belgrade University School of Medicine, Serbia, in 2017.

Dr. Kasper serves/served on the editorial boards of numerous learned journals, including Biological Psychiatry, The Lancet Psychiatry, CNS Spectrums, Journal of Affective Disorders, Pharmacopsychiatry, European Archives of Psychiatry and Neuroscience. He is Chief-Editor of the International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice and was Chief-Editor of the World Journal of Biological Psychiatry and Field Editor of the International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology.

As a result of his research expertise he is the recipient of numerous national and international scientific and public awards and prizes and has been acknowledged with the Grand Decoration of Honor in Silver for Services to the Republic of Austria, the Austrian Cross of Honor for Science and Art, First Class, the Gold Medal for Meritorious Service to the Province of Vienna and received in 2019 the City of Vienna Award for Medical Science.

Joi, 8 iunie 2023, 14:00-14:45
Prof. Emeritus Dr. Siegfried Kasper
Precision therapy for depression

Despite consistent advances in the pharmacotherapy of mood disorders in the last decade, high rates of Treatment Resistant Depression (TRD) are still a challenging aspect of overall management. Comparable to other parts of medicine, a staging model that distinguishes between “non-responders” (patients who failed to respond to one form of treatment, a condition which is now termed “insufficient response” by the (EMA) European Medicines Agency), “treatment resistant depression” (TRD patients that failed to respond to two or more adequate antidepressant trials of different classes of antidepressants), as well as “chronic resistant depression” (CRD, patients being treated with several antidepressants for more than12 months) have been characterised. The group for the study of resistant depression (GSRD), a collaborative project between eight European centres in Belgium, France, Greece, Germany, Italy, Israel and Austria studied TRD patients thoroughly and described that a set of eleven variables associated with treatment resistance, among them co-morbid anxiety disorders, number of previous treated or untreated episodes. The group set out not only on clinical variables but also conducted a prospective study that indicated, that switching the mechanism of action is less beneficial than continuing the same medication. The GSRD European multicentre project includes now more than 3100 patients that are including clinical, pharmacological as well as a biological variables. One potential way of improving treatment of depression is through the use of predictive biomarkers, most likely including genetic parameters (e.g. gene pathways associated with neuroplasticity, intracellular signaling and chromatin silencing) in combination with clinical variables. The advent of new treatments may also help by focusing on neurotransmitters other than serotonin, e.g. the glutamatergic system with ketamine demonstrating efficacy data in TRD as well as in depressed patients with suicidality as a situation of psychiatric emergency. Furthermore, pharmacological strategies such as the use of a combination therapy with lithium, atypical antipsychotics and the development of other pharmacological agents affecting the GABAergic mechanism of action -like brexanolone- can improve outcomes, and techniques such as deep brain stimulation and vagus nerve stimulation have shown promising results.

Prof. Dr. Femi Oyebode

Vineri, 9 iunie 2023, 14:00-15:00
Prof. Univ. Dr. Femi Oyebode
Psychopathology – the foundational discipline of psychiatry

In this Keynote address I will discuss the role and place of clinical psychopathology in clinical practice emphasising what is different about psychiatry as a clinical specialty and focusing on the underlying principles of descriptive psychopathology. I will argue that psychopathology is a living, dynamic and continually developing subject and without it there can be advance in nosology nor in the deeper understanding of psychiatric disorders.

I will exemplify my points by discussing delusional misidentification syndromes, pathological jealousy and folie a deux. I hope to show that the underlying mechanisms of these conditions are better methods for understanding the nature of delusions.